有朋友來函問:「『打好基礎(才能成就專業)』的英文說法是build your base還是build your foundation?又『從毫無經驗者變成老手』可否說from rookie to ace?」
請先說第一個問題。一般而言,base指「底部」,foundation指「基礎」。建築物等的base通常在地面之上,foundation則在地面之下。不少東西有base而無foundation,檯燈、雕像等都是如此。例如英文可以說:(1)The base of the statue measures three feet by four feet(雕像的底部寬三英尺長四英尺)。(2)A house built on sand will easily collapse, for it is without a solid foundation(房子建在沙上,沒有穩固地基,很易倒塌)。
用於比喻,base指事物最基本的部分,可藉之進一步發展;foundation則指事物發展所必需的結實基礎,例如:(1)We have over the years built a broad business base, and now we can start planning diversification into other areas(這些年來,我們建立了很具規模的基本業務,現在可籌劃從事其他業務了)。(2)A good university education will help you build/lay a foundation for professional development(良好的大學教育,有助奠定事業發展基礎)。
至於「從毫無經驗者變成老手」,英文當然可說from rookie to ace。不過,rookie(新手)、ace(能手)二字,都是俚俗用語;較傳統的說法,是from novice(新手)to master(好手)/expert(專家)/professional(內行),例如:It took him three years to evolve from novice /rookie to master / ace(經過三年,他終於由新手變成好手)。