that+is、倍數譯法 - 古德明

that+is、倍數譯法 - 古德明

問:以下一句than is socially desirable四字,是不是應改為than socially desirable或than it is socially desirable?──The government has built more public housing than is socially desirable(政府已建築的公共房屋太多,對社會不利)。
答:Than is socially desirable或than socially desirable都是正確寫法,than it is socially desirable則不是。
The government has built more public housing than socially desirable這一句,只有主要子句(principal clause),沒有其他子句。The government has built more public housing than is socially desirable這一句,則前半截是主要子句,than is socially desirable是從屬子句(subordinate clause),那than可視作從屬子句的主詞(subject),性質頗似關係代名詞(relative pronoun):這用法並不少見,謹多舉兩個例子:(1)We have more firewood in store than(is)necessary(我們所貯存的柴,比所需的多)。(2)He arrived earlier than(was)usual(他比平常早到)。
至於The government has built more public housing than it is socially desirable這寫法,則不正確,因為than已是主詞,不可再加一主詞it。
問:Sales tripled / trebled last year這一句,應譯作「去年,銷售額增加三倍」還是「增加兩倍」?
答:Triple、treble的意思、用法一般沒有分別,字典多譯作「增加三倍」。不過,「一」變作「三」,我會說是「增加兩倍」,而不是「三倍」。