問:「公司有十個職員」、「餐廳裏有十個顧客」等,那「有」字,譯做英文,我用there are表達,上司卻改用has,究竟哪個說法正確?
答:那位讀者沒有賜示整句譯文,用has正不正確,頗為難說。「公司有十個職員」,英文可譯做The company has 10 staff或There are 10 staff in the company;但「餐廳裏有十個顧客」,則通常只會譯做There are ten customers in the restaurant。一般而言,說「擁有」,英文會用has /have /had;說「某處有……」,則多用there is /are /was /were。所以,要說「餐廳有幾十個常客」,英文會用has:The restaurant has dozens of regular customers。
問:早上接到一位同事電話,說要請病假,我隨即發電郵通知其他同事:Mr X called to inform me that he needed /need a sick leave today。這一句應用needed還是need?
答:這一句用過去式的needed或現在式的needs都可以:用過去式,較符合轉述句(indirect speech)的文法;用現在式,則較着重目前的情況。又needed或needs之後的sick leave,宜作不可數名詞(uncountable noun),前面不用冠詞a。
不過,「某人打電話來,說病了,須請假」的英文說法,是He called in sick today,一般不會說He needs sick leave等等。「某人今天病了,不能上班」的習慣說法則是:He is off sick today。