問:讀書見到以下一句:Margaret Elmer kept a thoroughbred horse at Garrod's Farm near Cirencester(瑪格麗特.埃爾默在賽倫塞斯特附近的加羅德農場上養了一匹純種馬),句中的at是不是應改為on?
答:英語學者Frederick T Wood的英文介系詞書 English Prepositional Idioms 談到at a farm和on a farm的分別:「在農場上從事農務,叫to work on a farm;從事非農務工作,叫to work at a farm。又如果指明是某農場,用at (A farm-worker works "on" a farm, but someone who is doing work not connected with farming, but on the farm premises, works "at" a farm. Even for farm-workers, "at" is used if a particular farm is specified)。書中有一個例子:He works at Blackmoor Farm(他在布萊穆拉農場工作)。
F T Wood的解釋很清楚,但並不完全準確。第一,即使是指明某個農場,用on也絕對可以,例如英國名著 Animal Farm 第七章說:There was no food shortage on Animal Farm(動物農莊糧食無缺)。第二,即使是務農,說to work at a farm也可以,只是的確很少見。
總之,farm之前一般用on,但假如你的着眼點不在「務農」這回事,只把農場視作一個地方;則多用at。牛津詞典 Oxford Collocations Dictionary farm字條下例句可為旁證:(1)The police are investigating a fire at a farm near Whitby(警察正在調查惠比附近一個農場失火的原因)。(2)He had lived on that farm all his life(他一輩子都在那農場度過)。