問:二零零七年貴欄說,以下兩個寫法都正確,只是「expressed that沒有said that那麼自然」:He said / expressed that he understood(他表示明白)。但敝公司英語訓練中心說,express之後,不得用that子句(clause),而須用「受詞(object)+to 原形動詞(infinitive)」,先生認為怎樣?
答:一般字典的確都說express是及物(transitive)動詞,即其後必須有受詞,例如:They expressed their wish to apply for public assistance(他們表示想申請公共援助)。不過,這一句其實也可寫作They expressed that they wished to apply for public assistance。根據牛津字典 The New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary ,express作不及物(intransitive)動詞也可以。
十九世紀初英國翻譯家Edward Forster翻譯的 The Arabian Nights (天方夜譚)有一章名為"The History of Noureddin and the Beautiful Persian",說有個富翁見到一名美麗女奴,出四千金幣要把她買下:He immediately gave the merchants a look, which sufficiently expressed that he did not expect to be out-bidden(他馬上望着那些商人,眼神清楚表示不想他們叫價比他高)。這樣「express + that子句」的例子不少,讀書時留心一點,應會見到。
不過,正如拙欄當年所說,express that這寫法,「多見於會議紀錄之類公文」,有時會顯得不大自然。而同樣解作「表示」,用indicate that往往比express that自然一點,例如:He indicated that he understood。