一杯毒酒 - 古德明

一杯毒酒 - 古德明

問:晚今在大學修習翻譯,多少是受先生影響。近讀《南華早報》,見有評論說梁振英行政長官一職殊不易為:Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying has been handed a poisoned chalice。這poisoned chalice除了譯做「金杯毒酒」,有沒有較簡潔明白的譯法?
答:Chalice是「(高腳)酒杯」,並多指基督教會的聖餐杯。A poisoned chalice這說法,出自莎士比亞戲劇《馬克白》,現常用來比喻似好實壞的事情,例如:(1)China's victory over Japan was a poisoned chalice. For the victory brought in its wake the communist plague(中國戰勝日本,可謂福兮禍所伏,因為緊接而來的,是一場共產瘟疫)。(2)His appointment as prime minister turned out to be a poisoned chalice. After he lost favour with the dictator, he was kept under house arrest until his death(他獲委任為總理,結果卻如象齒焚身,失去獨裁者歡心之後,被軟禁至死)。讀者示下那一句,我會翻譯如下:「行政長官梁振英繼承了一張針氈般的金交椅。」
上文三句的poisoned chalice,我的譯法都不同。我認為翻譯不應每字每詞都只有一個固定譯法,應按上下文意,靈活用字。Poisoned chalice是英文成語,直譯做「毒酒杯」甚至「金杯毒酒」,對中國人來說,都沒有poisoned chalice的意思。現代漢語下流得不堪入目,就是因為逢proud必譯做「驕傲」,逢challenge必譯做「挑戰」等等。我的譯法,今天很多人不以為然;要不要學,那位讀者自行斟酌好了。