TheBattleoftheMilvianBridge,whichtookplaceinOctober312betweenthetworivallingRomanemperorsConstantineandMaxentius,significantlychangedthepathofWesterncivilisation.
Ontheeveningbeforethebattle,Constantine,whowasapaganatthetime,reportedlyhadavisionashelookedtowardsthesettingsun.HesawacrossappearintheskyandheheardinLatin,"Inthissign,youwillconquer."Constantinethereforeorderedhismentopaintthesignofthecrossupontheirshields.
Thenextday,Constantinewonthebattlealthoughhistroopswereheavilyoutnumbered.HecreditedhisvictorytothegodoftheChristians,andorderedtheendofreligiouspersecution.Withtheemperorasapatron,ChristianitybecamethedominantreligionoftheRomanEmpireandultimatelyofEurope.
公元三一二年十月弭爾維安橋之役,是羅馬兩個皇帝君士坦丁和馬克森提烏斯的爭霸戰。這一戰大大改變了西方文明的軌跡。
戰爭前一天傍晚,當時並非基督徒的君士坦丁據說經歷了一場幻象:他望着落日,看見天空出現一個十字架,還聽到一句拉丁語:「持此標識,當奏凱歌。」君士坦丁因此下令手下在盾牌上畫個十字。
第二天,君士坦丁的軍隊雖然遠比敵人少,卻打了勝仗。他認為勝利是基督徒的上帝所賜,於是傳令停止宗教迫害。基督教獲皇帝支持,成為羅馬主要宗教,最後更風靡歐洲。