毒蚊成陣 - 古德明

毒蚊成陣 - 古德明

In1802,NapoleonsentanexpeditiontoregaincontrolofthecolonyofStDominique.ThefreedslavesunderToussaintL'OuverturewerenomatchforthecrackFrenchtroops,buttheFrenchhadtofaceamuchdeadlierfoe:mosquitoes.
Springrainsgaverisetocloudsofmosquitoesandanoutbreakofyellowfever.Whilethelocalswerelargelyimmune,theFrenchperishedbytensofthousands.AfterToussaintL'Ouverture'skidnapbytheFrench,hisarmyralliedbehindtheleadershipofhisformergeneralDessalines,andrenewedthefightagainsttheirgreatlyweakenedenemy.Betweenthediseaseandthefightingsome50000Frenchsoldiersdiedandtherestsurrenderedin1803.On1January1804,eightmonthsafterToussaintL'Ouverture'sdeathinaFrenchprison,StDominiquedeclaredindependenceasHaiti.
一八○二年,拿破崙派遣遠征軍,要奪回殖民地聖多米尼克的控制權。圖森路維杜爾手下已脫奴隸籍的士兵,無法抗衡精銳的法軍,可是,法軍還須應付更要命的大敵:蚊子。
由於春雨連綿,蚊子雲起,黃熱病猖獗。當地人多有免疫力,法國人病死的卻以萬計。圖森路維杜爾被法軍綁架之後,他的軍隊在他的舊將領德薩利恩麾下重振旗鼓,再度迎戰實力大減的法軍。法國士兵約有五萬人死於黃熱病以及戰場,餘下的捱到一八○三年終於投降。一八○四年一月一日,即圖森路維杜爾在法國獄中死後八個月,聖多米尼克改名海地,宣布獨立。