PelopidaswasadescendantofawealthyandaristocraticfamilyinThebes.In382BC,hefledtoAthensaftertheseizureoftheThebancitadelbytheSpartans,whoinstalledanoligarchicgovernmentandaSpartangarrison.
PelopidaswasdeterminedtoliberateThebes.In379,heandelevencompanionsenteredthecityatdifferentpoints,dressedaspeasants.Theythendisguisedthemselvesasfemaledancersatafriend'shouse,performingfortherulingaristocrats.Whentheyweredrunk,Pelopidasandhiscompanionstookouttheirdaggersandslewthem.Thesethingsaccomplished,theyrousedthepeopleagainsttheSpartangarrison,whicheventuallysurrendered.Pelopidassucceededinre-establishingademocracyinThebes.
派洛皮德是底比斯一個富裕的貴族家庭之後。公元前三八二年,斯巴達人攻佔底比斯城堡,成立寡頭政府,並派斯巴達軍隊駐守。派洛皮德於是逃到雅典。
派洛皮德決心解放底比斯。三七九年,他和十一位同伴打扮作農夫,從不同地方入城,然後在一個朋友家中,改裝為舞女,表演娛樂執政的貴族,待他們醉倒,就拔出匕首,全部誅殺,隨即號召底比斯人對付斯巴達駐軍。最後,斯巴達駐軍投降,派洛皮德重建底比斯民主的努力卒底於成。
【附注】Oligarchy指少數人獨裁的政治或政治集團,一般譯做「寡頭政治」或「寡頭統治集團」。派洛皮德復國之後,先後十三次獲選執政,三六四年在任期間戰死沙場。