Whichisthehighestmountain?(哪個山最高?)這一句,改為轉述問句(reportedquestion),為什麼是Sheaskedwhichwasthehighestmountain而不是Sheaskedwhichthehighestmountainwas?
英文問句,一般是動詞置於主詞(subject)之前;轉述時,則動詞改置主詞之後,例如Ishemad?(他瘋了嗎?)轉述就是Sheaskedifhewasmad。讀者顯然認為thehighestmountain是主詞,所以was應置於句末。
現在請看以下一句:Whoistheculprit?(誰是罪魁禍首?)這一句的who是疑問詞,culprit是主詞,is是動詞。改為轉述句,當然是Sheaskedwhotheculpritwas,不宜寫作Sheaskedwhowastheculprit。
又請看以下一句:Whotoldhim?(是誰告訴他的?)這一句的who是主詞,told是動詞,him是受詞(object)。改為轉述句,當然是Sheaskedwhohadtoldhim。由此可見,問句假如以主詞起句,那麼,轉述時,主詞、動詞位置都不必更換。
Which和who不同的,是which可作限定詞(determiner),帶出另一名詞,例如:Whichsportisyourfavourite?(你最喜歡哪項運動?)這一句可改寫作Whichisyourfavouritesport?全寫則是Whichsportisyourfavouritesport?這一句的whichsport是主詞,is是動詞,yourfavouritesport是補語(complement)。轉述時,可說Sheaskedwhichsportwasmyfavourite/whichwasmyfavouritesport/whichsportwasmyfavouritesport。同樣,讀者示下那一句,可改作Sheaskedwhichwasthehighestmountain/whichmountainwasthehighest(mountain),但不可說Sheaskedwhichthehighestmountainwas:補語不可置於動詞之前。